# Neurocognitive deficits after botulism: a clinical case series study

## TL;DR

This study explores long-term cognitive issues in people who had botulism, showing problems with attention, memory, and thinking skills.

## Contribution

The study provides new clinical insights into long-term neurocognitive deficits following botulism, a rare but serious illness.

## Key findings

- Subjects reported deficits in processing speed, attention, concentration, memory, and executive functioning.
- Neuropsychological tests revealed mild impairment in attention and mild–moderate deficits in executive functioning.
- Findings suggest the need for post-acute treatment and rehabilitation to improve prognosis and well-being.

## Abstract

This case study examined long-term cognitive deficits after botulism. Only a very limited number of studies on post-acute cognitive impairment after botulism exist, and data are incomplete.

A semi-structured interview on long-term cognitive consequences of botulism was conducted for six family members, who contracted the infection after ingestion of lumpfish-roe 2.5 years ago. Two of the family members underwent neuropsychological assessment of attention, memory, and executive functioning as well.

Results of the semi-structured interviews showed individual subjective cognitive deficits across processing speed, attention, concentration, short-and long-term memory, and executive functioning. Test results showed mild cognitive impairment in attention and mild–moderate deficits in executive functioning.

These results support previous findings that patients of various infectious diseases may suffer unspecific long-term neurocognitive deficits. Assessment and initiation of relevant post-acute treatment and rehabilitation might be central to prognosis, functional ability, and psychological well-being.