# Exogenous interactome analysis of bovine viral diarrhea virus-host using network based-approach and identification of hub genes and important pathways involved in virus pathogenesis

## TL;DR

This study maps interactions between bovine viral diarrhea virus and host proteins to identify key genes and pathways involved in the virus's disease process.

## Contribution

The paper presents a network-based analysis of BVDV-host interactions and identifies novel hub genes and pathways for potential therapeutic targets.

## Key findings

- BVDV-host interactions mainly target translation, protein synthesis, and cellular metabolism pathways.
- Npro is the BVDV protein with the most interactions with host proteins.
- CD46, EEF-2, and TXN are identified as hub genes in the interaction network.

## Abstract

Bovine viral diarrhea (BVD) is one of the most important diseases in livestock, caused by BVD virus (BVDV). During the pathogenesis of the virus, many interactions occur between host and viral proteins. Studying these interactions can help better understand the pathogenesis of the virus, identify putative functional proteins, and find new treatment and prevention strategies. To this aim, a BVDV-host protein-protein interaction (PPI) network map was constructed using Cytoscape and analyzed with cytoHubba, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomics (KEGG), Gene Ontology (GO), and Protein Analysis Through Evolutionary Relationships (PANTHER). Npro with 125 connections had the greatest number of interactions with host proteins. CD46, EEF-2, and TXN genes were detected as hub genes using different ranking algorithms in cytoHubba. BVDV interactions with its host mainly focus on targeting translation, protein synthesis, and cellular metabolism pathways. Different classes of proteins including translational proteins, nucleic acid metabolism proteins, metabolite interconversion enzymes, and protein-modifying enzymes are affected by BVDV. These findings improve our understanding of the effects of the virus on the cell. Hub genes and key pathways identified in the present study can serve as targets for novel BVDV prevention or treatment strategies.

•BVDV-host interactions are mainly focused on targeting the translation, protein synthesis, and cellular metabolism pathways.•Npro of BVDV has the greatest number of interactions with host proteins.•CD46, EEF-2, and TXN genes are hob genes.

BVDV-host interactions are mainly focused on targeting the translation, protein synthesis, and cellular metabolism pathways.

Npro of BVDV has the greatest number of interactions with host proteins.

CD46, EEF-2, and TXN genes are hob genes.