# Gestational Trophoblastic Neoplasia Rate and Its Related Factors in Women With a Partial Hydatidiform Mole at Tudu Hospital, Vietnam

## TL;DR

This study finds that 5.7% of women with partial hydatidiform mole in Vietnam develop gestational trophoblastic neoplasia, with a history of miscarriage or termination increasing the risk.

## Contribution

The study provides the first data on GTN occurrence and risk factors in PHM patients in Vietnam.

## Key findings

- GTN occurred in 5.7% of PHM patients after a 1-year follow-up.
- GTN typically developed 4.67 weeks after curettage, with peaks at weeks 3-6.
- A history of miscarriage or termination increased GTN risk by 2.84 times.

## Abstract

Background

Minimal studies have been carried out on a partial hydatidiform mole (PHM) in Vietnam, so the treatment outcomes for patients with PHM are unknown. This study aimed to determine the occurrence rate of gestational trophoblastic neoplasia (GTN) and its related factors in women with PHM at Tu Du Hospital, Vietnam.

Materials and methods

This retrospective cohort study included 370 women with PHM diagnosed through a histopathological assessment following termination of pregnancy at Tu Du Hospital from January 2020 to December 2021. Survival analysis was used for GTN cumulative rate estimation and the Cox regression model for determining GTN-related factors.

Results

After a 1-year follow-up, 21 patients were found to have GTN, exhibiting a rate of 5.7% (95% confidence interval (CI): 3.5 - 8.4). GTN occurred 4.67±2.23 weeks following curettage with peaks at weeks 3-6. No cases of GTN were recorded eight weeks following termination by curettage. After multivariate analysis, the GTN rate was higher in patients with a history of miscarriage/termination (hazard ratio (HR)=2.84; 95% CI: 1.05-7.69).

Conclusion

The rate of GTN in PHM patients was 5.7%. Patients who had a history of miscarriage or termination were 2.84 times more likely to develop GTN than patients who did not.