# Thrombotic Events in a Patient With Acute Toxoplasmosis

## TL;DR

A previously healthy patient with acute toxoplasmosis developed rare thrombotic events, highlighting the link between infection and blood clots.

## Contribution

This is the second reported case in Brazil linking acute toxoplasmosis to thrombosis in a previously healthy individual.

## Key findings

- A patient with acute toxoplasmosis developed pulmonary embolism and portal vein thrombosis.
- Treatment with anticoagulants and sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim improved the patient's condition.
- The case suggests that infectious diseases like toxoplasmosis should be considered in thrombosis differential diagnosis.

## Abstract

The etiology of venous thromboembolism is multifactorial, with causes being classified as either provoked or unprovoked, making it difficult to attribute a single factor as the cause of the thromboembolic event in most cases. The relationship between inflammation and thrombotic phenomena is well established. Here, we describe the uncommon occurrence of thromboses in a previously healthy patient with acute toxoplasmosis. The patient initially presented with fatigue, abdominal pain, fever and dyspnea. The diagnosis was confirmed through toxoplasmosis serology in a set of admission laboratory tests, and further imaging studies revealed the presence of pulmonary embolism and portal vein thrombosis. The patient was treated with anticoagulants and sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim, showing improvement in the following days. This case highlights the importance of considering infectious diseases, such as toxoplasmosis, in the differential diagnosis of thrombosis, even in previously healthy individuals. To our knowledge, this is the second reported case of this association in Brazil.