Awareness of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery as a Career Choice Among Dental Students: An Online Questionnaire Survey

TL;DR

This study explores why dental students choose or avoid oral and maxillofacial surgery as a career, based on their knowledge, attitudes, and perceptions.

Contribution

The study provides new insights into the factors influencing dental students' career choices in oral and maxillofacial surgery.

Findings

Better career prospects and mentor influence were the main reasons for choosing OMFS.

Long working hours and lack of skills were key reasons for not pursuing OMFS.

Government institutions in urban areas and male students had higher KAP scores.

Abstract

Introduction: Most dental students are interested in pursuing a postgraduate degree after completing their Bachelor of Dental Surgery (BDS). Among the various specialties, oral surgery, which bridges the fields of medicine and dentistry, is the most attractive option for many young dental professionals. This study aimed to explore the factors influencing students' choices for postgraduation in oral and maxillofacial surgery (OMFS) and to assess their knowledge, attitudes, and perceptions (KAP) towards this branch of dentistry.

Materials and methods: An online survey was conducted with 450 third- and final-year BDS students and interns from various dental colleges. The survey included a self-administered questionnaire designed to collect demographic information and insights into students' motivations and KAP regarding postgraduation in OMFS. The questionnaire was distributed via an internet-based survey program and shared through WhatsApp Messenger accompanied by a consent form. To determine the significance between variables, non-parametric test, such as the chi-square test, was employed. The KAP scores were calculated and represented as mean ± standard deviation (SD), and intergroup comparisons were performed using the two-way independent T-test (for two groups) and two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) test (for three groups). The level of significance was set at P ≤0.05.

Results: The sample comprised 320 (71%) females and 130 (29%) males. A total of 285 (63.33%) respondents wanted to pursue postgraduation after BDS, whereas 130 (28.89%) did not. Long working hours, risk and liability, and lack of skills were the main reasons for not opting for postgraduation in OMFS as a career option. The primary reasons cited for choosing OMFS included better career prospects (75.08%%) and the influence of the mentor (59.65%). The main benefits of choosing postgraduation in OMFS were advanced skills (88.77%), and high earning (85.61%). The mean KAP scores were higher for government institutions in urban areas and for males.

Conclusion: This study revealed that a substantial number of undergraduate dental students were inclined to specialize in OMFS after graduation. The combination of medicine and dentistry significantly influences the choice of OMFS as a career option.