# Predictive role of hematological indices in patients with acute coronary syndrome in Ethiopia: Intrahospital outcomes

## TL;DR

This study shows that blood cell measurements can predict hospital deaths in patients with heart attacks in Ethiopia.

## Contribution

The study identifies RDW, MCV, and platelet count as independent predictors of in-hospital mortality in acute coronary syndrome patients in Ethiopia.

## Key findings

- RDW, MCV, and platelet count were independently associated with in-hospital mortality in ACS patients.
- RDW-SD showed moderate predictive power with an AUC of 0.737 for in-hospital mortality.

## Abstract

Apart from troponins, various additional biomarkers that indicate myocardial injury, inflammation, thrombosis, and other routes are being studied to improve the treatment of acute coronary syndrome (ACS). Myeloid activity has been found to be elevated in ACS, and this has sparked a great deal of interest in hematological parameters since they might offer independent insights into pathophysiology and risk assessment.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the hematological markers' prognostic ability for all intrahospital causes of mortality in individuals with an ACS diagnosis.

A long-term cohort study based at an institution was done. At Jimma Medical Center, patients with an ACS diagnosis were progressively brought in between May 1, 2022, and October 31, 2023. Complete blood counts (CBC) and biochemical analysis were carried out. Multilevel mixed effect logistic regression was computed to evaluate the predictive competence of hematological indices on intrahospital mortality. Prognostic performance of hematological parameters was done using the ROC curve analysis.

A total of 110 patients were included, of which 99 (90 %) were diagnosed ST-elevation myocardial infarction, and 74 (67.3 %) were men. The mean age was 56 (±11) years. RDW, platelet count, and MCV were independently associated with intrahospital mortality (AOR = 1.20 with P < 0.001, AOR = 0.995 with P < 0.03, and AOR = 0.897 with P < 0.025, respectively). The predictive power of RDW-SD for intrahospital mortality was evaluated by ROC analysis, the AUC value were 0.737 (95 % CI 0.669–0.805).

This study found that red cell distribution width, mean corpuscular volume, and platelets were predictive factors for intrahospital death in patients with ACS. Thus, it is possible to predict the prognosis of an ACS patient using hematological data.