# Delaying an Electromagnetic Pulse with a Reflective High-Integration Meta-Platform

## TL;DR

This paper introduces an ultra-thin device that can delay electromagnetic pulses for a significant time, enabling potential applications in optical technologies.

## Contribution

The novel contribution is an ultra-thin meta-platform that efficiently delays EM pulses using integrated meta-surfaces.

## Key findings

- The device achieved a 13 ns delay of an EM pulse at 12.975 GHz with a λ/8-thin and 38-λ-long structure.
- The efficiency of the device is 32% with material loss and 70% without it.
- Larger delay times are possible with larger devices due to reduced surface wave group velocity.

## Abstract

Delaying an electromagnetic (EM) wave pulse on a thin screen for a significant time before releasing it is highly desired in many applications, such as optical camouflage, information storage, and wave–matter interaction boosting. However, available approaches to achieve this goal either require thick and complex systems or suffer from low efficiencies and a short delay time. This paper proposes an ultra-thin meta-platform that can significantly delay an EM-wave pulse after reflection. Specifically, our meta-platform consists of three meta-surfaces integrated together, of which two are responsible for efficiently coupling incident EM-wave pulse into surface waves (SWs) and vice versa, and the third one supports SWs exhibiting significantly reduced group velocity. We employ theoretical model analyses, full-wave simulations, and microwave experiments to validate the proposed concept. Our experiments demonstrate a 13 ns delay of an EM pulse centered at 12.975 GHz, enabled by a λ/8-thick and 38-λ-long meta-device with an efficiency of 32% (or 70%) with (or without) material loss taken into account. A larger delay time can be enabled by devices with larger sizes considering that the SWs group velocity of our device can be further reduced via dispersion engineering. These findings establish a new road for delaying an EM-wave pulse with ultra-thin screens, which may lead to many promising applications in integration optics.