# Effects of concurrent training on glycemic and vascular parameters among patients with T2DM-associated Peripheral Artery Disease

## TL;DR

This study found that concurrent training improves blood sugar and blood flow more effectively than aerobic training in patients with type 2 diabetes and peripheral artery disease.

## Contribution

The study demonstrates that concurrent training is more effective than aerobic training for T2DM-associated PAD rehabilitation.

## Key findings

- Concurrent training significantly improved HbA1C levels compared to aerobic training.
- Concurrent training showed greater improvement in ABI, indicating better vascular function.
- CT provided a two-fold improvement in glycemic control and arterial blood flow compared to AT.

## Abstract

To evaluate the effects of CT to improve HbA1C and ABI among the T2DM-associated PAD population.

A randomized, single-blinded, two-arm trial was conducted at the Department of Rehabilitation Sciences of Dr. Ziauddin Hospital in Karachi between July to September 2023. A total of 80 T2DM-associated PAD patients were included and randomly divided into Experimental Group (n=40) and Control Group (n=40), using the sealed envelope method. Experimental group patients received Concurrent Training (CT), whereas Control Group patients underwent Aerobic Training (AT) for 12 weeks. Both groups received thirty-minute sessions three times a week that was progressed to 60 minutes over 12 weeks. HbA1C and ABI were measured at baseline and after 12 weeks.

Analysis revealed an average age of 46.75±3.59 and the duration of T2DM for developing PAD is 14.82±2.23 on average. Findings revealed that both training groups were significantly effective (p<0.000) at 95% CI in improving glycemic and vascular parameters after 12 weeks. Subsequently, findings showed that the CT group showed more significant improvement than AT group in improving HbA1C for glycemic control (p=0.002, CT: pre: 9.53±1.406, post: 7.81±0.81, AT: pre: 8.74±0.908, post: 8.15±0.83) and ABI for systemic blood flow (p=0.0001, CT: pre: 0.84±0.03, post: 0.94±0.03, AT: pre: 0.82±0.02, post: 0.86±0.02).

CT showed a two-fold improvement in glycemic control and arterial blood flow than AT group, which represents that CT is an effective therapeutic approach for T2DM-associated Fontain’s stage IIa PAD rehabilitation.