Predictors for the Occurrence of Seizures in Meningioma

TL;DR

This study identifies factors that predict preoperative and postoperative seizures in meningioma patients, aiming to improve treatment and quality of life.

Contribution

The study presents new independent predictors for seizures in meningioma patients before and after surgery.

Findings

Male gender is a positive predictor for preoperative seizures.

Headache and neurological deficits are negative predictors for preoperative seizures.

Sensorimotor deficit after surgery is a positive predictor for postoperative seizures.

Abstract

Seizures are one of the most common and severe symptoms of meningioma, leading to increased morbidity and mortality in the affected patients. Therefore, seizure prevention represents an important goal in the treatment of meningioma patients. For this purpose, our study aims to identify predictors for the occurrence of preoperative and postoperative seizures in meningioma. Neurosurgical tumor resection was demonstrated as an effective treatment of seizures in meningioma patients but is also associated with a moderate risk of new-onset seizures after surgery. The present study identified several independent predictors for seizures in meningioma that could contribute to improved seizure treatment and a deeper understanding of the occurrence of seizures in meningioma patients.

Seizure is a common symptom of meningioma that has a major impact on patients’ quality of life. The purpose of this study was to identify predictive factors for the occurrence of preoperative and postoperative seizures. The data of patients with resection of histologically confirmed meningioma at University Hospital Leipzig from 2009 to 2018 were retrospectively examined. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses of different factors influencing seizure outcome were performed. The male gender was identified as an independent positive predictor for preoperative seizures (odds ratio [OR] 1.917 [95% confidence interval {CI} 1.044–3.521], p = 0.036), whereas headache (OR 0.230 [95% CI 0.091–0.582], p = 0.002) and neurological deficits (OR 0.223; [95% CI 0.121–0.410], p < 0.001) were demonstrated to be negative predictive factors. Sensorimotor deficit after surgery (OR 4.490 [95% CI 2.231–9.037], p < 0.001) was found to be a positive predictor for the occurrence of postoperative seizures. The identified predictors for the occurrence of seizures in meningioma can contribute to improving seizure treatment and patients’ quality of life.

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