Influence of foot strike pattern on co‐contraction around the ankle and oxygen uptake during running at 19 km/h

TL;DR

This study found that foot strike pattern during running does not affect oxygen uptake but changes muscle activation patterns around the ankle.

Contribution

The study reveals that forefoot strike increases plantar flexor activation during co-contraction without affecting oxygen uptake.

Findings

Forefoot strike increases medial gastrocnemius activation and decreases tibialis anterior activation during stance phase.

Foot strike pattern does not influence oxygen uptake or energy expenditure during running at 15 and 19 km/h.

Forefoot strike leads to plantar flexion dominance during co-contraction of antagonist and agonist muscles.

Abstract

This study investigated the coactivation of plantar flexor and dorsiflexor muscles and oxygen uptake during running with forefoot and rearfoot strikes at 15 and 19 km/h. We included 16 male runners in this study. The participants ran each foot strike pattern for 5 min at 15 and 19 km/h on a treadmill. During the running, respiratory gas exchange data and surface electromyographic (EMG) activity of the medial gastrocnemius (MG), lateral gastrocnemius (LG), soleus, and tibialis anterior muscles of the right lower limb were continuously recorded. The indices of oxygen uptake, energy expenditure (EE), and muscle activation were calculated during the last 2 min in each condition. During the stance phase of running at 15 and 19 km/h, activation of the tibialis anterior and MG muscles was lower and higher, respectively, with forefoot strike than with rearfoot strike. The foot strike pattern did not influence the oxygen uptake. These results suggest that the foot strike pattern has no clear effect on the oxygen uptake when running at 15 and 19 km/h. However, forefoot strike leads to plantar flexion dominance during co‐contraction of the tibialis anterior and MG muscles, which are an antagonist and agonist for plantar flexion, respectively, during the stance phase.

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