Positive Effect of 25-Hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) Levels in Follicular Fluid on Embryonic Developmental Potential in Diminished Ovarian Reserve (DOR) Patients Undergoing Microstimulation

TL;DR

Higher vitamin D levels in follicular fluid improve embryo quality in women with poor ovarian reserve undergoing a specific IVF protocol.

Contribution

This study demonstrates that follicular fluid vitamin D levels positively influence embryo outcomes in diminished ovarian reserve patients.

Findings

Higher follicular fluid 25(OH)D levels correlated with more high-quality embryos in DOR patients.

25(OH)D-FF was identified as a protective factor for embryonic outcomes in logistic regression analysis.

The high-value group had significantly better embryo metrics than the low-value group.

Abstract

Objective: This study aimed to explore the effect of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) levels in follicular fluid (FF) on the embryo outcome with diminished ovarian reserve (DOR) patients undergoing in vitro fertilization (IVF) by microstimulation protocol.

Methods: A prospective cohort study of 79 patients with DOR who underwent IVF using the microstimulation protocol was conducted. Based on the level of 25(OH)D in follicular fluid (25(OH)D-FF), the patients were divided into a high-value group (25(OH)D-FF>11.1, n = 50) and a low-value group (25(OH)D-FF>11.1, n = 29). Correlation analysis was conducted between the level of 25(OH)D-FF and the rate of high-quality embryos on day 3 (D3). Logistic regression analysis of factors affecting the presence or absence of D3-available embryos in patients with DOR was conducted.

Results: The number of oocytes retrieved, mature oocytes (MII), normal fertilization rate, number of available embryos on D3, and high-quality embryo rate were lower in the low-value group than in the high-value group (p = 0.000, p = 0.000, p = 0.009, p = 0.000, p = 0.001). The clinical pregnancy rate of frozen embryo transfer (FET) between the two groups was no statistically significant difference (p > 0.05); correlation analysis between the 25(OH)D-FF level and the rate of high-quality embryos was performed using Spearman's rank-sum test, and there was a positive correlation (R = 0.271, P<0.01). Logistic analysis showed that 25(OH)D-FF level was a protective factor for embryonic outcome (odds ratio (OR) > 1, P<0.01).

Conclusion: The 25(OH)D level in FF has a positive effect on embryonic outcomes in DOR patients with IVF using the microstimulation protocol. Vitamin D (VD) supplementation can be used to increase the number of available embryos and improve the quality of embryos for patients with DOR who are undergoing microstimulation of IVF.

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