# Irreparable Cuff Injuries: Treatment Options and Clinical Outcomes

**Authors:** José Carlos Souza Vilela, João Felipe de Medeiros Filho, Tadeu Fonseca Barbosa, Lucas de Castro Melo Deligne, Thalles Leandro de Abreu Machado

PMC · DOI: 10.1055/s-0044-1788784 · 2024-09-04

## TL;DR

This paper reviews treatment options and outcomes for irreparable rotator cuff injuries, focusing on challenges and preferred approaches for different patient groups.

## Contribution

The paper provides a comprehensive overview of treatment strategies for irreparable rotator cuff tears, emphasizing the lack of consensus in current literature.

## Key findings

- Non-surgical treatment is adequate for many patients with rotator cuff tears.
- Reverse shoulder arthroplasty is the gold standard for irreparable tears with arthritis.
- Joint-preserving procedures are preferred for young patients without arthritis.

## Abstract

Rotator cuff tear is a common source of pain and disfunction in shoulder, with prevalence increasing with age. Nonsurgical treatment is adequate for many patients; however, for those for whom surgical treatment is indicated, rotator cuff repair provides reliable pain relief and good functional results. However, massive and irreparable tears due to tear size, tendon retraction, muscle atrophy, fatty infiltration are a significant challenge for surgeons. Whenever irreparable tears coexist with cartilage degeneration/arthritis (rotator cuff arthropathy), the indication of reverse shoulder arthroplasty is the golden standard. However, in young patients without arthritis, joint preserving procedures, from debridement to muscle transfers, are preferred. Choosing the most appropriate treatment is not quite established in literature, each treatment modality present particular indications, advantages and disadvantages.

A lesão do manguito rotador é uma fonte frequente de dor e incapacidade funcional na população em geral, e sua prevalência aumenta com o envelhecimento. O tratamento não cirúrgico é adequado para muitos pacientes, e, quando necessário, o reparo cirúrgico resulta em alívio da dor e bons resultados funcionais. Entretanto, lesões extensas e não reparáveis devido ao tamanho da lesão, grau de retração, atrofia muscular e substituição gordurosa apresentam desafios ao tratamento. Nos casos de lesões irreparáveis que coexistem com degeneração articular/osteoartrite (artropatia do manguito rotador), a indicação de artroplastia reversa é o padrão ouro. Porém, nos casos de pacientes mais jovens e sem osteoartrite, as indicações que preservam a articulação, desde o debridamento até as transferências tendinosas, são preferíveis. A escolha do tratamento mais apropriado não está claramente estratificado na literatura e cada modalidade tem suas indicações, vantagens e desvantagens.

## Full-text entities

- **Diseases:** Cuff Injuries (MESH:D000070636), fatty infiltration (MESH:D017254), arthritis (MESH:D001168), pain (MESH:D010146), pain and disfunction in shoulder (MESH:D020069), cartilage degeneration (MESH:D002357), muscle atrophy (MESH:D009133), rotator cuff arthropathy (MESH:D000070656), tendon retraction (MESH:D052256)
- **Species:** Homo sapiens (human, species) [taxon 9606]

## Figures

6 figures with captions in the complete paper: https://tomesphere.com/paper/PMC11374407/full.md

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Source: https://tomesphere.com/paper/PMC11374407