# Factors associated with the rabies vaccination status of dogs in households in Beni City, D.R. Congo

## TL;DR

This study identifies factors influencing rabies vaccination rates in dogs in Beni City, D.R. Congo, to guide future vaccination campaigns.

## Contribution

The study identifies key socio-demographic and behavioral factors associated with dog rabies vaccination status in a low-resource urban setting.

## Key findings

- Rabies vaccination coverage in Beni was 26%, with significant variation based on household factors.
- Higher education levels and perceived rabies severity were strongly associated with vaccination.
- Households with multiple dogs or young dogs were less likely to vaccinate.

## Abstract

Human rabies transmitted by dogs still kills thousands of people each year worldwide. Dog bites are common in the city of Beni (Democratic Republic of Congo), which shows low rabies vaccination coverage. This study aimed to determine the factors associated with the rabies vaccination status of dogs. A cross-sectional analytical study was conducted in the town of Beni among dog owners, during a household survey selected using a multistage sampling. The information sought concerned the knowledge and characteristics of the dog owners as well as the vaccination status of these dogs. Logistic regression was used to investigate associations between the vaccination status of the dogs and the main independent factors. Rabies vaccination coverage in Beni was 26% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 22% – 30%). The main factors associated with the rabies vaccination status of the dog were primary education level of household head (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]:4.8; 95% CI: 1.2– 19.8); university education level of household head (aOR: 5.9; 95% CI: 1.6–22); perceived rabies severity (aOR: 44. 4; 95% CI: 10.4–188), having more than one dog in the household (aOR: 2.6; 95% CI: 1.6–4.3); age range 7–12 months (aOR: 0.2; 95% CI: 0.1–0.6) and confined dog breeding (aOR: 3.9; 95% CI: 1.1–14.9). The low vaccination coverage in Beni requires mass vaccination campaigns against canine rabies targeting the dog owners with low education levels, those raising more than one dog, with stray dogs or dogs less than 12 months old.