# Coexistence of non-Hodgkin lymphoma and multisystem hydatid cysts; successful albendazole therapy for muscular hydatid cysts: A case report

## TL;DR

A 44-year-old man with multiple hydatid cysts and non-Hodgkin lymphoma was successfully treated with albendazole, highlighting a rare medical case.

## Contribution

This case report documents the first known coexistence of non-Hodgkin lymphoma and muscular hydatidosis, successfully treated with albendazole.

## Key findings

- Albendazole successfully reduced the size of a muscular hydatid cyst in a patient.
- Non-Hodgkin lymphoma was diagnosed alongside multiple hydatid cysts in a single patient.
- The coexistence of non-Hodgkin lymphoma and muscular hydatidosis is unprecedented in medical literature.

## Abstract

“Hydatid cyst” or cystic Echinococcosis is a parasitic infection caused by the larval stage of Echinococcus granulosus. The liver and lungs are the most common sites to occur. Incidence in muscles is exceptionally rare. Surgery has been the traditional approach for treatment of cystic echinococcusis.

We report a rare case of 44 years old man with multiple hydatid cysts; liver, lungs, paraspinal muscles. The muscular cyst had manifested as a swelling in his back and was the principal clinical presentation as it caused pain and discomfort.

He was treated with Albendazole, and a thoracic surgery for the management of the lung cysts had been performed. On admission and after his surgery, lymphadenopathy had manifested and following adequate diagnostic modalities he was diagnosed with Non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Then, after three months, physical examination revealed significant reduction in the size of his back cyst that was no longer visible.

Here we present a successful treatment for muscular hydatid cysts. While prior reports have managed it surgically; albendazole has played a significant role in our case, in addition to the diagnosis of the NHL in the course of managing multiple hydatid cysts.

The presence of non-Hodgkin lymphoma alongside hepatic cystic disease is rare, and the coexistence of NHL and muscular hydatidosis is unprecedented in medical literature.

•Cystic hydatidosis should be considered as a differential diagnosis for any cystic lesion.•A rare association of NHL and multiple hydatid cysts in one case.•Successful treatment for muscular hydatid cysts with Albendazole.

Cystic hydatidosis should be considered as a differential diagnosis for any cystic lesion.

A rare association of NHL and multiple hydatid cysts in one case.

Successful treatment for muscular hydatid cysts with Albendazole.