The Effect of Diagnostic and Therapeutic Changes on the Survival of Hodgkin’s Lymphoma Patients (1980–2019)

TL;DR

This study shows that Hodgkin’s lymphoma survival improved from 1980 to 2019 due to better diagnostics and therapies, though one-third of patients still relapse.

Contribution

The study tracks treatment evolution and survival trends in Hodgkin’s lymphoma patients over four decades, linking improvements to modern diagnostics and therapies.

Findings

Overall survival improved from 74.9% (1990–1999) to 86.9% (2010–2019).

Radiotherapy alone decreased, while chemotherapy-only treatments increased significantly.

Relapse rates remained stable at about 30% across all periods.

Abstract

Background and Objectives: The overall- and progression-free survival rates of Hodgkin’s lymphoma patients have improved. Our goal was to examine the changes in our treatment results and their causes depending on the daily diagnostic and therapeutic practice. Materials and Methods: We analysed data of 776 classical Hodgkin lymphoma patients treated between 1980 and 2019. Patient data were investigated in ten-year periods (first period: 1980–1989, second period: 1990–1999, third period: 2000–2009, and fourth period: 2010–2019). Results: Radiotherapy alone as a first-line treatment was used progressively less often, and in the 4th period it was no longer used before or without chemotherapy. The use of combined chemo- and radiotherapy decreased in the last period, and the number of those patients who received only chemotherapy increased significantly. The 10-year overall survival improved significantly from 1990 to 1999 compared to 2010 to 2019 (74.9% vs. 86.9%). About 30% of patients relapsed after or were refractory to first-line therapy in each period. The incidence of relapse in the last period did not increase after two years, but there was no significant difference between the periods. Conclusions: Overall survival rates of HL patients have improved significantly in recent decades, which is due to improved diagnostic methods and modern therapies. Progression-free survival is unchanged; one-third of patients relapse or are refractory to first-line treatment within the first two years. Early recognition of R/R patients, the early application of newer and already available innovative therapies, and the finding of additional new and effective therapies are of particular importance.

Figures