The Impact of Serum/Plasma Proteomics on SARS-CoV-2 Diagnosis and Prognosis

TL;DR

This paper reviews how serum/plasma proteomics can improve SARS-CoV-2 diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment understanding.

Contribution

The paper synthesizes three years of proteomics research to highlight novel insights and applications for SARS-CoV-2.

Findings

Serum/plasma proteomics reveals diverse proteoforms and viral heterogeneity in SARS-CoV-2.

Proteomics complements traditional diagnostics by offering insights into disease dynamics and long-term effects.

Multi-omics strategies show potential for monitoring and treating SARS-CoV-2 infections.

Abstract

While COVID-19’s urgency has diminished since its emergence in late 2019, it remains a significant public health challenge. Recent research reveals that the molecular intricacies of this virus are far more complex than initially understood, with numerous post-translational modifications leading to diverse proteoforms and viral particle heterogeneity. Mass spectrometry-based proteomics of patient serum/plasma emerges as a promising complementary approach to traditional diagnostic methods, offering insights into SARS-CoV-2 protein dynamics and enhancing understanding of the disease and its long-term consequences. This article highlights key findings from three years of pandemic-era proteomics research. It delves into biomarker discovery, diagnostic advancements, and drug development efforts aimed at monitoring COVID-19 onset and progression and exploring treatment options. Additionally, it examines global protein abundance and post-translational modification profiling to elucidate signaling pathway alterations and protein-protein interactions during infection. Finally, it explores the potential of emerging multi-omics analytic strategies in combatting SARS-CoV-2.

Figures