# Osteoporosis as the Female-Specific Risk Factor for Dynapenia in Elderly Patients with Type 2 Diabetes

## TL;DR

This study finds that osteoporosis and muscle weakness (dynapenia) often co-occur in elderly women with type 2 diabetes, with osteoporosis being a significant risk factor.

## Contribution

The study identifies osteoporosis as a female-specific risk factor for dynapenia in type 2 diabetes patients.

## Key findings

- Female T2DM patients showed higher prevalence of dynapenia and dyna-osteoporosis.
- Osteoporosis was significantly correlated with dynapenia after adjusting for BMI.
- Osteoporosis and higher BMI were risk predictors for dynapenia in female T2DM patients.

## Abstract

Aims: Dynapenia is a noteworthy health issue contributing to increased risk of falling, but its co-occurrence with osteoporosis in elderly individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has not been well explored. Therefore, this study aimed to establish the association between osteoporosis and dynapenia, focusing on T2DM females due to their high prevalence of osteoporosis and fragility. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study to recruit a total of 103 T2DM patients (43 males and 60 females), aged between 50 and 80 years with median 68.0 years. Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) and dominant hand grip strength measurements were performed to define body composition, osteoporosis, and dynapenia in a sex-specific manner. Results: Higher prevalence of dynapenia and dyna-osteoporosis was observed in female T2DM patients with a significantly positive correlation between osteoporosis and dynapenia even after adjustment of body mass index (BMI). By performing a multivariate logistic regression analysis, both BMI and osteoporosis were identified as risk predictors for the development of dynapenia in female T2DM patients with odds ratios (95% CIs) of 1.234 (1.029–1.480) and 4.883 (1.352–17.630), respectively. Conclusions: Our results point out there is high, female-specific co-occurrence of osteoporosis and dynapenia in T2DM patients. Moreover, having osteoporosis and increased BMI might boost the risk of dynapenia in elderly females with T2DM.