# The Development of a Biomimetic Model of Bacteria Migration on Indwelling Urinary Catheter Surfaces

## TL;DR

This study created a model to observe how bacteria migrate along urinary catheters and found that a prototype coating can prevent this migration for 30 days.

## Contribution

A novel biomimetic in vitro model was developed to study bacterial migration on catheters and test a new antimicrobial coating.

## Key findings

- E. coli and S. aureus migrated the full length of a control catheter within 24–48 hours.
- A prototype chlorhexidine diacetate coating prevented bacterial migration for 30 days.
- The model supports the idea that preventing extraluminal migration can reduce catheter-associated infections.

## Abstract

The aim of this study was to develop a novel biomimetic in vitro extraluminal migration model to observe the migration of bacteria along indwelling urinary catheters within the urethra and assess the efficacy of a prototype chlorhexidine diacetate (CHX) coating to prevent this migration. The in vitro urethra model utilised chromogenic agar. A catheter was inserted into each in vitro urethra. One side of the urethra was then inoculated with bacteria to replicate a contaminated urethral meatus. The models were then incubated for 30 days (d), with the migration distance recorded each day. Four indwelling catheter types were used to validate the in vitro urethra model and methodology. Using the biomimetic in vitro urethra model, E. coli and S. aureus migrated the entire length of a control catheter within 24–48 h (h). In the presence of a prototype CHX coating, full migration of the channel was prevented for 30 d. The results of this study support the hypothesis that catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CAUTIs) could be prevented by targeting catheter-mediated extraluminal microbial migration from outside of the urinary tract into the bladder.