# Role of TGFβ-producing regulatory T cells in scleroderma and end-stage organ failure

## TL;DR

This paper reviews how TGFβ-producing regulatory T cells contribute to tissue fibrosis in scleroderma and end-stage organ failure, highlighting their role in disease progression.

## Contribution

The paper provides a review connecting TGFβ-producing regulatory T cells to the pathogenesis of systemic sclerosis and organ fibrosis.

## Key findings

- TGFβ-producing regulatory T cells are linked to systemic sclerosis and organ fibrosis.
- Tregs and TGFβ play a key role in the pathogenesis of heart, liver, and lung fibrosis.
- Understanding TGFβ mechanisms could improve treatments for end-stage organ failures.

## Abstract

Regulatory T cells (Tregs) are crucial immune cells that initiate a tolerable immune response. Transforming growth factor-beta (TGFβ) is a key cytokine produced by Tregs and plays a significant role in stimulating tissue fibrosis. Systemic sclerosis, an autoimmune disease characterized by organ fibrosis, is associated with an overrepresentation of regulatory T cells. This review aims to identify Treg-dominant tolerable host immune reactions and discuss their association with scleroderma and end-stage organ failure. End-stage organ failures, including heart failure, liver cirrhosis, uremia, and pulmonary fibrosis, are frequently linked to tissue fibrosis. This suggests that TGFβ-producing Tregs are involved in the pathogenesis of these conditions. However, the exact significance of TGFβ and the mechanisms through which it induces tolerable immune reactions during end-stage organ failure remain unclear. A deeper understanding of these mechanisms could lead to improved preventive and therapeutic strategies for these severe diseases.

•Tregs are essential for inducing tolerable immune responses and tissue fibrosis.•TGFβ-producing Tregs are linked to systemic sclerosis and organ fibrosis.•Review explores Treg-dominant immune reactions in scleroderma and organ failure.•Understanding TGFβ mechanisms can improve treatments for organ failures.•Tregs and TGFβ are key in the pathogenesis of heart, liver, and lung fibrosis.

Tregs are essential for inducing tolerable immune responses and tissue fibrosis.

TGFβ-producing Tregs are linked to systemic sclerosis and organ fibrosis.

Review explores Treg-dominant immune reactions in scleroderma and organ failure.

Understanding TGFβ mechanisms can improve treatments for organ failures.

Tregs and TGFβ are key in the pathogenesis of heart, liver, and lung fibrosis.