# Implementing a multi-cycle datapath with Liquid Marbles

**Authors:** Sandro Erba, Luca Cavenaghi, Claudio Zandron, Libo Huang, Libo Huang, Libo Huang

PMC · DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0309066 · 2024-08-20

## TL;DR

This paper explores using liquid marbles as components in a theoretical multi-cycle datapath and addresses scalability challenges.

## Contribution

The paper presents a novel theoretical framework for implementing a multi-cycle datapath using liquid marbles.

## Key findings

- A theoretical model for implementing a multi-cycle datapath using liquid marbles is proposed.
- Scalability issues and potential solutions for expanding circuits with increasing input size are discussed.
- Strategies to manage time and space complexity in liquid marble-based circuits are considered.

## Abstract

Liquid Marbles are liquid droplets encapsulated by hydrophobic powder particles; due to their non-wetting nature, they allow to manipulate liquids efficiently. Literature highlighted their potential to be employed as micro-reactors, micro-containers for growing micro-organisms and cells, micro-fluidics devices, and have also been used in the framework of unconventional computing. In this work, we discuss a theoretical implementation of all required components to define a multi-cycle datapath based on Liquid Marbles. Then, we consider issues related to scalability, by discussing how the circuits can be expanded with the growth of the inputs, and also how they can be modified to overcome the issues related to the growing time and space complexity.

## Full-text entities

- **Diseases:** LMs (MESH:C536058), LM (MESH:C536761)
- **Chemicals:** W (MESH:D014414), ALU (-), Marbles (MESH:D002119), Bi (MESH:D001729), Ni (MESH:D009532), S (MESH:D013455), LaTeX (MESH:D007840)
- **Species:** Homo sapiens (human, species) [taxon 9606]
- **Cell lines:** ALU31 — Mus musculus (Mouse), Spontaneously immortalized cell line (CVCL_0184)

## Figures

34 figures with captions in the complete paper: https://tomesphere.com/paper/PMC11335127/full.md

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Source: https://tomesphere.com/paper/PMC11335127