# Clinical Manifestation and Multidisciplinary Treatment Approaches for Primary Tracheal Carcinoma in Bangladesh: A Clinical and Therapeutic Review of 13 Patients

## TL;DR

This study reviews 13 cases of rare tracheal cancer in Bangladesh, showing that a multidisciplinary approach, especially surgery, leads to better survival outcomes.

## Contribution

The study provides insights into the management of primary tracheal carcinoma in Bangladesh using a multidisciplinary approach.

## Key findings

- Invasive squamous cell and adenoid cystic carcinomas were the most common subtypes observed.
- A 1-year survival rate of 92.31% and a 5-year survival rate of 76.92% were achieved with multidisciplinary treatment.
- Surgical interventions showed superior efficacy compared to non-surgical approaches based on Kaplan–Meier survival curves.

## Abstract

Primary tracheal carcinoma is an exceptionally rare and life‐threatening disease that presents significant diagnostic and therapeutic challenges. Delayed diagnosis due to misinterpretation of airway obstruction symptoms often leads to poorer prognoses for patients. This study aimed to explore the clinical manifestations and multidisciplinary treatment approaches for primary tracheal carcinoma in Bangladesh, with a focus on recent advancements in diagnosis and treatment.

A retrospective observational study was conducted at Bangladesh Specialized Hospital Limited, involving patients aged over 30 who were diagnosed with tracheal carcinoma and underwent multidisiplinary treatment from July 2018 to June 2019. Data were collected through patient interviews and medical record reviews. Descriptive and inferential statistical analyses were performed to examine demographic characteristics, histological variations, tumor locations, clinical signs and symptoms, treatment approaches, and outcomes.

The study illuminated varied clinical presentations and the successful application of multidisciplinary approaches among the 13 patients. Invasive squamous cell carcinoma and adenoid cystic carcinoma were the predominant histological subtypes. Symptomatology, including dyspnea, cough, and hemoptysis, highlighted the challenge of early detection. Despite the rarity and intricacies associated with primary tracheal carcinoma, the multidisciplinary strategy yielded generally positive outcomes, as evidenced by a 1‐year survival rate of 92.31% and a 5‐year survival rate of 76.92%. Kaplan–Meier survival curves underscored the superior efficacy of surgical interventions over non‐surgical approaches.

Despite some limitations, this study contributes crucial insights into the nuanced management of primary tracheal carcinoma in the Bangladeshi context. The demonstrated success of the multidisciplinary strategy, especially surgical interventions, accentuates the importance of definitive resection. The lone case of local recurrence emphasizes the necessity for vigilant follow‐up.