# Abdominal Ultrasonography Used for Abdominal Pain in the Rural Outpatient Setting of South Texas: Impact on Patient Outcomes

## TL;DR

This study shows that abdominal ultrasounds help conclude care for abdominal pain in rural Hispanic/Latino patients with minimal extra healthcare use.

## Contribution

The study demonstrates the effectiveness of abdominal ultrasonography in concluding care for abdominal pain in a rural, predominantly Hispanic/Latino population.

## Key findings

- Patients who had abdominal ultrasounds were more likely to have their care concluded for abdominal pain.
- Abdominal ultrasound use was associated with only a slight increase in the number of healthcare visits.
- The effect of ultrasound on care conclusion remained significant after adjusting for demographics and treatments.

## Abstract

Introduction

Abdominal ultrasonography is a key diagnostic tool used in complaints of abdominal pain. The rationale for this study is to examine abdominal ultrasonography’s impact on the conclusion of care of abdominal pain in a predominantly Hispanic/Latino patient population.

Materials and methods

A chart review of 350 patients with a new diagnosis of abdominal pain from a rural family practice clinic in Texas was performed. These patients' charts were reviewed for a new diagnosis of abdominal pain, medications prescribed for abdominal pain, whether abdominal ultrasonography was completed, and the number of visits regarding their complaint. The last visit for their abdominal pain was denoted as the conclusion of care of abdominal pain within the clinic. The primary analyses were logistic regressions with conclusion of pain care or number of visits as the outcome and abdominal ultrasound completion as the primary predictor.

Results

The sample size was 216 of the 350. Patients were excluded due to age under 18 and if the patient's pain was not coded as epigastric, generalized, or right upper quadrant pain. The patient age range was 18-88 years, and they were all of Hispanic/Latino origin. Abdominal ultrasound was completed on 59 of the patients, and 65 patients experienced conclusion of primary care for abdominal pain. Regarding the number of visits for abdominal pain, 69% had one visit, 25% had two visits, and 6% had three or more visits. Patients who had abdominal ultrasounds were more likely to have multiple visits (typically just two visits) but had markedly higher conclusions of care for abdominal pain. These relationships remained when adjusting for demographic and medical covariates such as age, abdominal pain (all types), and medical treatments used.

Conclusion

In the outpatient rural care of Hispanic/Latino patients residing in the Rio Grande Valley, patients who had a new complaint of abdominal pain were more likely to have conclusion of primary care for abdominal pain, with only a slight increase in primary care healthcare consumption, if abdominal ultrasonography was completed for abdominal pain.