# Subependymal Giant Cell Astrocytomas Without Tuberous Sclerosis: A Case Report on a Rare Medical Condition

## TL;DR

A 22-year-old man was diagnosed with a rare brain tumor called SEGA that was not linked to a genetic condition called tuberous sclerosis.

## Contribution

This case report highlights the possibility of SEGAs occurring without tuberous sclerosis in adults.

## Key findings

- The tumor was confirmed through radiological investigations and specific protein expression.
- No germline mutations in TSC1 and TSC2 were found, ruling out tuberous sclerosis.
- The case emphasizes the importance of considering SEGAs in adult patients without TSC.

## Abstract

Subependymal giant cell astrocytomas (SEGAs) are benign, slow-growing, noninvasive tumors frequently associated with the tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC). The tumor's location and the patient's age should be considered carefully before diagnosis. Considering SEGA as a differential diagnosis, even in adult patients without TSC, is essential. In the present case, a 22-year-old male presented with a progressive headache, dizziness, and blurring of vision. Radiological investigations confirmed the site of the tumor, and a positive expression of thyroid transcription factor 1 in the ganglion cell component, along with the absence of germline mutation in TSC1 and TSC2, led to the final diagnosis of SEGA without TSC.