# Prognostic Value and Immune Landscapes of Four Types of RNA Modification Writer-Related LncRNAs Signature in Lung Adenocarcinoma

## TL;DR

This study identifies a seven-lncRNA signature linked to RNA modifications that predicts survival and immune response in lung adenocarcinoma patients.

## Contribution

A novel seven-lncRNA prognostic model is developed, linking RNA modification writers to LUAD prognosis and immune landscapes.

## Key findings

- A seven-lncRNA signature was established, showing distinct prognosis and clinicopathological differences between risk groups.
- High-risk group exhibited higher tumor mutation burden and greater sensitivity to immunotherapy.
- Six lncRNAs were downregulated and one was upregulated in LUAD tissues.

## Abstract

Background: Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is the predominant pathological subtype of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The four primary forms of RNA adenosine modifications, N6-methyladenosine (m6A), N1-methyladenosine (m1A), alternative polyadenylation (APA) and adenosine-to-inosine (A-to-I) RNA editing, play a critical role in tumor progression. However, the clinical significance of RNA modification writer-related long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in LUAD remains unclear.

Methods: The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database was used to obtain transcriptomic and clinicopathological data. Univariate Cox regression analysis, consensus cluster analysis, and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) Cox regression were used to establish the molecular subtypes and prognostic signatures of LUAD based on the expression levels of lncRNAs. ESTIMATE, CIBERSORT, ssGSEA, and TIDE algorithms were used to investigate immune cell infiltration and immunotherapy. In addition, IC50 of chemotherapeutic agents were calculated for different risk subgroups using the "pRRophetic" R package. Finally, the expression of prognosis-associated lncRNAs in lung cancer tissues was verified using qPCR.

Results: A prognostic risk signature containing seven lncRNAs associated with four types of RNA modification writers was established. The high-risk group had a poorer prognosis and higher clinicopathological grade. Most immune checkpoint genes and immune cell infiltration differed significantly between the two risk groups. The high-risk group had a higher tumor mutation burden (TMB), lower TIDE score, and was more sensitive to immunotherapy.

Conclusion: We developed an RNA modification writer-related seven-lncRNA signature prognostic model that was associated with prognosis, tumor microenvironment, and response to immunotherapy in LUAD patients. Among them, LINC01352, AC024075.1, AC005070.3, AL133445.2, AC005856.1, and LINC00968 were downregulated in LUAD, whereas AC092168.2 was upregulated. This model may be a valuable tool for personalized LUAD therapies.