# Morphological and functional abnormalities of ophthalmic artery in patients with ophthalmic vascular accidents

## TL;DR

This study identifies five types of ophthalmic artery abnormalities in patients with eye-related vascular accidents, comparing outcomes between iatrogenic and non-iatrogenic causes.

## Contribution

A new classification system for ophthalmic artery abnormalities in vascular accidents based on DSA characteristics.

## Key findings

- Iatrogenic embolism cases had lower rates of males, OIS, and NVG compared to non-iatrogenic occlusion.
- Iatrogenic embolism cases showed higher rates of NLP, ASI, and orbital involvement than non-iatrogenic occlusion.
- OVAs can be classified into five distinct types based on DSA findings.

## Abstract

By observing and comparing the morphological and functional differences of the ophthalmic artery (OA) in patients with ocular vascular accidents (OVAs) due to iatrogenic embolism or non-iatrogenic occlusion, we propose a classification system based on the characteristics of OA on invasive digital subtraction angiography (DSA).

All patients undergoing ophthalmic arterial DSA within 1 week after the OVAs between January 2017 and December 2021 were enrolled and divided into different types, and the differences between iatrogenic embolism and non-iatrogenic occlusion categories were compared.

A total of 27 eyes of 27 patients were included in this study. Based on the results of carotid/intracranial arterial DSA, the morphological and functional abnormalities of OA with OVAs can be divided into five types. The proportion of males (7.14%), ocular ischemic syndrome (OIS) (0.00%) and neovascular glaucoma (NVG) (0.00%) in the iatrogenic embolism category was significantly lower than that (84.62, 61.54, and 69.23%, respectively) of the non-iatrogenic occlusion category (p < 0.001, p = 0.001, p < 0.001, respectively). However, the proportion of no light perception (NLP) (100%), anterior segment ischemia (ASI) (71.43%), and orbital involvement (ophthalmoplegia and ptosis, 42.86%) eventually occurring in the former was significantly greater than that in the latter (23.08, 0.00, 0.00%, respectively) (p < 0.001, p < 0.001, p = 0.010, respectively).

Ocular vascular accidents can be divided into five types based on the characteristics of OA on DSA.