# Surgical options in retrosternal oesophageal reconstruction

## TL;DR

This paper examines surgical techniques and outcomes for retrosternal oesophageal reconstructions when the stomach cannot be used.

## Contribution

The study provides insights into the feasibility and outcomes of primary and secondary retrosternal reconstructions using collar anastomoses.

## Key findings

- No conduit necrosis was observed, but one patient had a successfully treated anastomotic leakage.
- 33.3% of patients developed nosocomial pneumonia, and 25% required additional drainage for pleural fluid.
- Most patients achieved sufficient oral nutrition within 12 months post-surgery.

## Abstract

Retrosternal oesophageal reconstructions with collar anastomoses can become necessary when the stomach is either unavailable for oesophageal replacement, or orthotopic reconstruction is deemed impractical. Our aim was to analyse our results regarding technical approaches and outcomes.

All patients undergoing primary and secondary oesophageal retrosternal reconstructions with collar anastomoses at our centre (2019–2023) were retrospectively analysed and individual surgical reconstruction options were presented.

Overall, twelve patients received primary (n = 5; 42.7%) or secondary (n = 7; 58.3%) reconstructions; ten with colonic interposition and two with gastric pull-up. Male/female ratio was 4:8; median age 66 years (30–87). Charlson-Comorbidity-Score (CCS) was 5 (1–7); 8/12 patients (67%) had ASA-classification score ≥ 3. We observed no conduit necrosis, but one patient (8.3%) with a leakage of the oesophago-colonostomy which was successfully treated by endoscopic vacuum therapy. Four patients (33.3%) acquired nosocomial pneumonia. Additional drainages for pleural fluid collections were necessary in three patients (25%). Overall comprehensive-complication-index (CCI) was 26.2 (0–44.9). Length-of-stay (LOS) was 22 days median (15-40). There was no 90-days mortality. Overall, CCI during the follow-up (FU) period at median 26 months (16–50) was 33.7 (0–100). 10 out of 12 patients were on sufficient oral nutrition at 12 months FU.

Primary and secondary oesophageal retrosternal reconstructions encompass diverse entities and typically requires tailored decision-making. These procedures, though rare, are feasible with acceptable complication rates and positive functional outcomes when performed in experienced hands.

The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s00423-024-03433-6.