# “Smells like team spirit” the association between running club membership and performance in the London Marathon: An economic analysis

## TL;DR

This study finds that being part of a running club is linked to better marathon performance and faster finishing times.

## Contribution

The study introduces an economic framework to analyze how club membership affects marathon performance.

## Key findings

- Club membership is associated with improved marathon performance for both males and females.
- Being in a club can reduce pace decline with age and improve finishing times by up to 40 minutes.

## Abstract

This study examines the association between club membership and marathon performance using a dataset of 206,653 London Marathon runners. Our results show a statistically significant association between club membership and marathon performance for both males and females which sees club membership potentially mitigating pace decline with age and resulting in substantial improvements in finishing times of up to 40 minutes. We implement a production function framework and align with three principles of economic organisation. The findings have relevance for marathon participants, coaches, and athletic associations as well as implications beyond athletics to other sports or cooperative activities.