# Association Between FADS1 Gene Polymorphism (rs174549) and Chronic Periodontitis: A Cross-Sectional Study

## TL;DR

This study found no link between a specific FADS1 gene variant and chronic periodontitis in the tested population.

## Contribution

The study provides new evidence that FADS1 gene polymorphism rs174549 is not associated with periodontitis in this population.

## Key findings

- No significant difference in FADS1 genotype frequency was found between periodontitis and control groups.
- Allele frequencies of G and A showed no significant difference between the groups.
- The FADS1 polymorphism was not associated with periodontitis in the study population.

## Abstract

Introduction

FADS1 (fatty acid desaturase 1) gene polymorphism results in more susceptibility to certain metabolic diseases and chronic inflammatory diseases like periodontitis. This study aims to analyze the association between FADS1 gene polymorphism and various stages of periodontitis.

Materials and methods

One hundred subjects included in the study were categorized into two groups: group A (n = 50) had healthy periodontium, and group B (n = 50) had ≥stage II periodontitis. They were graded based on the clinical parameters of probing pocket depth (PPD), clinical attachment level (CAL), and bleeding on probing (BOP). Five milliliters of venous blood were collected, and DNA isolation was done. Genomic DNA was extracted. The DNA was then subjected to amplification with the help of specific primers flanking the Providencia stuartii I (PstI) polymorphic site of the FADS1 gene. A chi-square test aimed to examine the genotype and allele frequency distributions in both groups; p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results

The difference in genotype frequency of FADS1 polymorphism was statistically insignificant (p = 0.91). Our study revealed no significant difference (AA vs. AG+GG) between the periodontitis and control groups between homozygous and heterozygous variant genotypes with a p-value of 0.7764. The frequency of AG (28% vs. 30%) and GG (62% vs. 58%) genotypes showed no significant difference between the periodontitis group and healthy control subjects. No significant difference was seen in the G allele (77% vs. 73%) and A allele (23% vs. 27%) between the periodontitis and control groups.

Conclusion

The study concluded that FADS1 receptor polymorphism is not associated with periodontitis in the study population.