Plasma Photoinactivation of Bacterial Isolated from Blood Donors Skin: Potential of Security Barrier in Transfusional Therapy

TL;DR

This study explores using plasma photoinactivation to kill virulent bacteria from blood donors' skin, improving transfusion safety while preserving key blood components.

Contribution

The study demonstrates photoinactivation's potential as a safety barrier against virulent bacteria in transfusion therapy.

Findings

Photoinactivation effectively eliminated biofilm-producing, antibiotic-resistant bacteria from plasma.

Coagulation factors FVIII and FI retained 61% and 69% activity after treatment.

Effectiveness of photoinactivation varied with bacterial load and species.

Abstract

The presence of skin bacteria capable of forming biofilm, exhibiting antibiotic resistance, and displaying virulence represents a significant challenge in the field of transfusion medicine. This underscores the necessity of enhancing the microbiological safety of blood and blood components against pathogens with virulent characteristics. The aim of this work was to demonstrate bacterial inactivation in plasma by using a photoinactivation method against virulent bacteria and to evaluate coagulation factors before and after treatment. Logarithmic loads of biofilm-producing, antibiotic-resistant, and virulent bacteria isolated from skin (Enterobacter cloacae, Klebsiella ozaenae, and Staphylococcus epidermidis) were used in artificial contamination assays of fresh frozen plasma bags and subjected to photoreduction. FVIII and FI activity were evaluated before and after photoinactivation. The photoinactivation of plasma was demonstrated to be an effective method for the elimination of these bacteria. However, the efficiency of this method was found to be dependent on the bacterial load and the type of test microorganism. Conversely, decay of coagulation factors was observed with net residual activities of 61 and 69% for FVIII and FI, respectively. The photoinactivation system could have a bias in its effectiveness that is dependent on the test pathogen. These findings highlight the importance of employing technologies that increase the safety of the recipient of blood and/or blood components, especially against virulent bacteria, and show the relevance of the role of photoinactivation systems as an option in transfusion practice.

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