The Soil Bacterial Community Structure in a Lactarius hatsudake Tanaka Plantation during Harvest

TL;DR

This study examines soil bacteria in a Lactarius hatsudake mushroom plantation to identify which bacteria support mushroom growth and health.

Contribution

The paper identifies potential mycorrhizal helper bacteria and reveals differences in bacterial community structure at different sites in the plantation.

Findings

Soil from mushroom bases had lower bacterial diversity and simpler networks compared to other sites.

JT soil showed higher stability and more positive species correlations than JG and CK soils.

Potential mycorrhizal helper bacteria were identified through correlation and differential analysis.

Abstract

Lactarius hatsudake Tanaka is a mycorrhizal edible mushroom with an appealing taste and rich nutrition. It is also a significant food and has medicinal value. In this study, the plantation of L. hatsudake during the harvest period was taken as the research object, and this article explores which bacteria in the soil contribute to the production and growth of L. hatsudake. The soil of the control (CK) and the soil of the mushroom-producing area [including the soil of the base of the mushroom (JT) and the mycorrhizal root soil (JG)] was collected in the plantation. The three sites’ bacterial community structure and soil diversity were analyzed using high-throughput sequencing technology, and a molecular ecological network was built. Soil bacteria in the L. hatsudake plantation had 28 tribes, 74 classes, 161 orders, 264 families, 498 genera, and 546 species. The dominant phyla were Proteobacteria and Acidobacteria, and the dominant genera were Burkholderia_Caballeronia_Paraburkholderia, Acidothermus, Bradyrhizobium, Candidatus_Xiphinematobacter, and Granulicella. The α-diversity of soil bacteria in JT was significantly lower than that in JG and CK, and the β-diversity in JT samples was significantly different from that in JG and CK samples. The size and complexity of the constructed network were smaller in JT samples than in JG and CK samples, and the stability was higher in JT samples than in JG and CK samples. The positive correlation between species in JT samples was dominant. The potential mycorrhizal helper bacteria (MHB) species of L. hatsudake was determined using correlation and differential group analysis. The results support future research on mycorrhizal synthesis, plantation management, and the function of microorganisms in the soil rhizosphere of L. hatsudake.

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