Development and Effectiveness of a Pattern Management Educational Program Using Continuous Glucose Monitoring for Type 2 Diabetic Patients in Korea: A Quasi-Experimental Study

TL;DR

A new educational program using continuous glucose monitoring improved diabetes management and glycemic control in type 2 diabetes patients in Korea.

Contribution

A novel pattern management education program using CGM was developed and shown to improve self-care and glycemic outcomes in type 2 diabetes patients.

Findings

The program significantly reduced diabetes-related symptoms and improved social support and self-care.

Glycemic control improved, as shown by significant decreases in HbA1c and fasting blood sugar levels.

The program also led to a significant increase in HDL cholesterol levels.

Abstract

Background: The prevalence of diabetes has increased worldwide. Therefore, interest in improving glycemic control for diabetes has grown, and continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) has recently received attention as an effective glycemic control method. This study developed and evaluated the effectiveness of an education program for pattern management using CGM based on Whittemore and Roy’s middle-range theory of adapting to diabetes mellitus. Methods: A quasi-experimental study was conducted on 50 adult patients with type 2 diabetes who visited the outpatient clinic of a university hospital. The experimental group was treated with a pattern management program using CGM for 12 weeks and six personalized education sessions were provided to the patients through face-to-face education and phone monitoring. Results: The frequency of diabetes-related symptoms in the experimental group decreased, and social support (t = 2.95, p = 0.005), perceived benefits (t = 3.72, p < 0.001) and self-care significantly increased (t = 6.09, p < 0.001). Additionally, the program was found to be effective in improving HbA1c (t = −3.83, p < 0.001), FBS (t = −2.14, p = 0.038), and HDL-C (t = 2.39, p = 0.021). Conclusion: The educational program developed through this study can be implemented as a self-management approach for individuals with type 2 diabetes using CGM, aimed at enhancing glycemic control and preventing complications.

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