# Transient Stress Lymphocytosis in a Child: A Case Report and Systematic Review of the Literature

## TL;DR

This paper reports a rare case of transient stress lymphocytosis in a child and reviews existing literature on the condition.

## Contribution

The novelty lies in describing a pediatric case of TSL and systematically reviewing the literature, which is rarely reported in children.

## Key findings

- A 9-year-old male developed TSL after a traumatic fall.
- TSL in children is rare and often under-recognized.
- Lymphocytosis typically resolves within hours to days after the stressor.

## Abstract

Transient stress lymphocytosis (TSL) is an under-recognized phenomenon associated with an acute stressful event such as physical trauma or various emergency medical conditions. Lymphocytosis generally resolves within several hours to days of the stressor. While most reports of TSL predominantly involve adult patients, it has only rarely been reported in pediatric patients. Here, we describe the clinical course of a 9-year-old male who developed TSL following a traumatic fall from a second-story balcony and provide a systematic literature review of TSL.