# Latest from the WISE: Contributions to the Understanding of Ischemia and Heart Failure among Women with No Obstructive Coronary Arteries

## TL;DR

This paper reviews recent findings on heart disease in women with no blocked arteries, focusing on risk factors and heart failure.

## Contribution

The study provides new insights into nontraditional risk factors for ischemia and heart failure in women with no obstructive coronary arteries.

## Key findings

- Women with INOCA have elevated risk for HFpEF.
- Nontraditional risk factors contribute significantly to heart disease in these women.
- The WISE study highlights differences in traditional vs nontraditional risk factors.

## Abstract

Since 1996, the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute-sponsored Women’s
Ischemia Syndrome Evaluation (WISE) has been investigating pathophysiological
processes underlying ischemic heart disease in women and related outcomes. Recent
findings have focused on women with signs and symptoms of ischemia and no
obstructive coronary arteries (INOCA) and their elevated risk for heart failure
with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). This review summarizes the latest WISE
findings related to INOCA and pre-HFpEF characteristics, addressing our
understanding of contributions from traditional vs nontraditional risk factors in
women.