An Unusual Relation in an Infant With Left Hemitruncus and Tetralogy of Fallot Along With Pulmonary Valve Syndrome: A Case Report

TL;DR

This case report describes a rare combination of heart defects in an infant, including an unusual origin of the left pulmonary artery and tetralogy of Fallot.

Contribution

The paper presents a unique case of combined cardiac anomalies and their embryological and clinical implications.

Findings

Anomalous origin of the left pulmonary artery from the ascending aorta was identified in an infant with tetralogy of Fallot.

The case highlights the association of this anomaly with conotruncal defects like DiGeorge syndrome.

The report discusses clinical management and embryological origins of the combined cardiac anomalies.

Abstract

The abnormal origin of the left pulmonary artery (LPA) from the ascending aorta is a rare cardiac condition that is often associated with several other congenital defects. In this paper, we report the case of an infant who presented with recurrent infections and was prenatally diagnosed with tetralogy of Fallot (TOF). During echocardiography, various other cardiac defects such as ventricular septal defects (VSD), pulmonary stenosis (PS), and dilated right heart chambers were identified. Furthermore, cardiac catheterization revealed an anomalous origin of the LPA arising from the aorta associated with a narrow pulmonary annulus. Due to both conditions sharing a similar embryological course, the condition is commonly associated with a conotruncal defect known as DiGeorge syndrome. Together, the overall combination of cardiac anomalies is both unusual and unique. This case study explains the clinical associations, embryological origin, and surgical management of this condition in an infant.

Figures