# Human Papillomaviruses Genotype Distribution and Replacement by Year from 2014 to 2020 in Beijing, China

## TL;DR

This study tracks changes in HPV types in Beijing from 2014 to 2020, showing shifts in common strains and age-related patterns.

## Contribution

The study provides the first long-term analysis of HPV genotype distribution and replacement trends in Beijing, China.

## Key findings

- HPV52 was the most prevalent genotype, followed by HPV58 and HPV16 in different years.
- HPV56 increased in prevalence and replaced HPV39 in the top five genotypes after 2018.
- Dual-infection HPV39/68 declined significantly after 2018, especially in the 46–60 years age group.

## Abstract

Cervical cancer is one of the most common gynecological malignancies worldwide. The incidence of cervical cancer ranks second for female malignancies in China. However, human papillomavirus (HPV) prevalence and genotype replacement for a long time in Beijing were not yet evaluated.

Women patients who visited clinical departments, especially the gynecology department, were included in this study from 2014 to 2020. They suffered from different kinds of cervical abnormalities even cervical cancer. Thirteen types of HPV were detected in cervical samples by using multiple fluorescence polymerase chain reactions. All patients were divided into four groups according to age (15–30, 31–45, 46–60, and >60 years old).

The study included data from four certain years (2014, 2016, 2018, and 2020). Overall HPV prevalence was 18.0%, 16.7%, 21.9%, and 19.1%, respectively. Of the 13 genotypes, the top one infection type was HPV52, followed by HPV58 and HPV16 or HPV16 and HPV58 in different years. HPV56 prevalence raised from 2018, which replaced HPV39 into the top five list. Only HPV prevalence of 46–60 years age group declined, mainly resulting from the reduced prevalence of HPV39 and HPV58 (p < 0.001 and p = 0.020). The proportions of HPV dual-infection across the four years varied significantly in statistics (p = 0.001), whereas the most common dual-infection HPV39/68 disappeared after 2018.

The prevalence of two HPV genotypes (HPV39 and HPV58) and dual-infection HPV39/68 showed a declining trend, especially in the 46–60 years age group. The trends need to be observed continuously.