# Comparing Patient Comfort During Bronchoscopy Under Conscious Sedation and Monitored Anesthesia Care: A Prospective, Observational, Controlled Study

## TL;DR

This study compares two sedation methods for bronchoscopy and finds that conscious sedation is just as safe and comfortable as monitored anesthesia care.

## Contribution

The study demonstrates that conscious sedation is a viable, cost-effective alternative to monitored anesthesia care for bronchoscopy.

## Key findings

- Patient comfort levels were similar between conscious sedation and monitored anesthesia care.
- Conscious sedation resulted in less intense sedation compared to monitored anesthesia care.
- Recovery time and complications were comparable between the two sedation methods.

## Abstract

Background: Flexible bronchoscopy (FB) often involves sedation, with the choice left to the bronchoscopist's discretion. Prior research on sedation in gastroscopic endoscopies yields conflicting information regarding the preferred method for FB. This study compares patient comfort levels during bronchoscopy with mindful sedation using fentanyl, nalbuphine, and midazolam versus monitored anesthesia care (MAC) using propofol, midazolam, and ketamine.

Methods: This prospective observational study assessed 83 patients undergoing bronchoscopy under either conscious sedation (CS) (n=40) or MAC (n=43). Patient comfort, sedation levels, emotional state, recovery time, safety, and the impact of smoking history and comorbidities were evaluated. Data collection included direct patient questioning and observation using the Modified Observed Assessment of Alertness and Sedation (MOAA/S) form.

Results: Comfort levels were similar between groups, with mean scores of 3.6±0.89 for CS and 3.3±0.54 for MAC. MAC induced deeper sedation (mean scores: 4.37±0.66 vs. 3.8±0.98). Recovery time and complications were comparable. Emotional states and medical history did not significantly differ between groups.

Conclusion: CS is not inferior to MAC for bronchoscopy, providing comparable comfort and safety with less intense sedation and lower cost. These findings support the use of CS for bronchoscopy procedures, offering a cost-effective alternative without compromising patient comfort or safety.