# From Atherosclerotic Plaque to Myocardial Infarction—The Leading Cause of Coronary Artery Occlusion

## TL;DR

This paper reviews type 1 myocardial infarction, focusing on its causes, risk factors, and treatment options.

## Contribution

The paper provides a comprehensive review of type 1 MI, emphasizing its pathogenesis and management strategies.

## Key findings

- Type 1 MI is the most common form and is strongly linked to atherosclerosis.
- Risk factors include high LDL-C, smoking, CKD, diabetes, and hypertension.
- The paper outlines current diagnostic and therapeutic approaches for acute and chronic management.

## Abstract

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) constitutes the most common cause of death worldwide. In Europe alone, approximately 4 million people die annually due to CVD. The leading component of CVD leading to mortality is myocardial infarction (MI). MI is classified into several types. Type 1 is associated with atherosclerosis, type 2 results from inadequate oxygen supply to cardiomyocytes, type 3 is defined as sudden cardiac death, while types 4 and 5 are associated with procedures such as percutaneous coronary intervention and coronary artery bypass grafting, respectively. Of particular note is type 1, which is also the most frequently occurring form of MI. Factors predisposing to its occurrence include, among others, high levels of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) in the blood, cigarette smoking, chronic kidney disease (CKD), diabetes mellitus (DM), hypertension, and familial hypercholesterolaemia (FH). The primary objective of this review is to elucidate the issues with regard to type 1 MI. Our paper delves into, amidst other aspects, its pathogenesis, risk assessment, diagnosis, pharmacotherapy, and interventional treatment options in both acute and long-term conditions.