No genetic link between Parkinson’s disease and SARS-CoV-2 infection: a two-sample Mendelian randomization study

TL;DR

This study finds no genetic link between Parkinson’s disease and SARS-CoV-2 infection using a Mendelian randomization approach.

Contribution

The novelty lies in using a two-sample Mendelian randomization method to investigate bidirectional genetic causality between Parkinson’s disease and SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Findings

No genetic causality was found between SARS-CoV-2 infection and Parkinson’s disease.

Results from multiple statistical methods were consistent, showing no significant association.

Observed associations in prior studies may be due to confounding factors rather than genetic links.

Abstract

Existing literature has not clearly elucidated whether SARS-CoV-2 infection increases the incidence of Parkinson’s disease or if Parkinson’s disease patients are more susceptible to the effects of SARS-CoV-2 infection. To clarify the issue, this study employs a genetic epidemiological approach to investigate the association.

This study utilizes a two-sample Mendelian randomization analysis. The primary analysis employs the inverse variance-weighted (IVW) method, supplemented by secondary analyses including MR-Egger regression, weighted median, IVW radial method, and weighted mode, to evaluate the bidirectional causal relationship between Parkinson’s disease and SARS-CoV-2 infection.

IVW results showed no genetic causality between SARS-CoV-2 susceptibility, hospitalization rate and severity and Parkinson’s disease. (IVW method: p = 0.408 OR = 1.10 95% CI: 0.87 ~ 1.39; p = 0.744 OR = 1.11 95% CI: 0.94 ~ 1.09; p = 0.436 OR = 1.05 95% CI: 0.93 ~ 1.17). Parkinson’s disease was not genetically associated with susceptibility to new crown infections, hospitalization rates, and severity (IVW method: p = 0.173 OR = 1.01 95% CI: 0.99 ~ 1.03; p = 0.109 OR = 1.05 95% CI: 0.99 ~ 1.12; p = 0.209 OR = 1.03 95% CI: 0.99 ~ 1.07). MR-Egger regression, weighted median, IVW radial method, and weighted mode results are consistent with the results of the IVW method.

This study does not support a genetic link between Parkinson’s disease and SARS-CoV-2 infection, and the association observed in previous cohort studies and observational studies may be due to other confounding factors.

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