# Synergistic Interventions for Silencing Oppositional Defiant Disorder and Dyslexia in a Child With Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: A Case Report From Albania

## TL;DR

This case report from Albania explores a combined therapy approach for a child with ADHD, ODD, and dyslexia, suggesting that integrating cognitive therapy, parent training, and heavy metal detox may improve outcomes.

## Contribution

The study is the first in Albania to apply a synergistic intervention combining cognitive behavioral therapy, PCIT, and detox for ADHD with comorbidities.

## Key findings

- A combined intervention approach may be effective for managing ADHD comorbidities like ODD and dyslexia.
- The study highlights the need to consider biological factors in treating ADHD-related disorders.
- Mental health interventions like PCIT are underutilized in Albania and require further adaptation and awareness.

## Abstract

To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this article is the first of its kind in Albania and neighboring countries to investigate the transformative synergistic intervention approach through cognitive behavioral therapy, parent-child interaction therapy (PCIT), and heavy metal detoxification on a child with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and comorbid oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) and dyslexia. The limited mental health awareness in Albania, particularly regarding PCIT and similar treatments, highlights the importance of the applicability and adaptability of such interventions. This study suggests that the rapid management of comorbidities in ADHD, such as ODD and dyslexia, is better achieved by a combined intervention approach and by investigating the biological aspects. Further research with a large sample size is needed to assess the long-term sustainability and scalability of such an approach.