# Literary tastes are as heritable as other human phenotypes: Evidence from twins’ library borrowing

## TL;DR

This study finds that literary tastes are largely influenced by genetics, similar to other human traits, using data from Danish twins.

## Contribution

The study provides the first large-scale evidence that literary tastes are highly heritable.

## Key findings

- Genetic differences account for 45–70% of the variance in literary tastes.
- Shared environments contribute almost nothing to the variance in literary tastes.
- Heritability is higher in socioeconomically disadvantaged groups.

## Abstract

Social science research argues that differences in individuals’ literary and cultural tastes originate in social environments. Yet, it might be that these differences are partly associated with genetic differences between individuals. To address this possibility, we use nation-scale registry data on library borrowing among Danish twins (N = 67,900) to assess the heritability of literary tastes. We measure literary tastes via borrowing of books of different genres (e.g., crime and biographical novels) and formats (physical, digital, and audio) and decompose the total variance in literary tastes into components attributable to shared genes (heritability), shared environments (social environment shared by siblings), and unique environments (social environments not shared by siblings). We find that genetic differences account for 45–70 percent of the total variance in literary tastes, shared environments account for almost none of the variance, and unique environments account for a moderate share. These results suggest that literary tastes are approximately as heritable as other human phenotypes (e.g., physical traits, cognition, and health). Moreover, heritability is higher for socioeconomically disadvantaged groups than for advantaged groups. Overall, our results suggest that research should consider the role of genetic differences in accounting for individual differences in literary and broader cultural tastes.