# Integrated transcriptome and metabolome analysis reveals the molecular responses of Pardosa pseudoannulata to hypoxic environments

## TL;DR

This study explores how the soil-dwelling spider Pardosa pseudoannulata adapts to low-oxygen conditions using gene and metabolite analysis.

## Contribution

The study provides novel insights into the molecular mechanisms of hypoxia adaptation in Pardosa pseudoannulata.

## Key findings

- Metabolites like ATP and FAD showed significant changes under hypoxia.
- Energy metabolism and antioxidant pathways were enriched in response to hypoxia.
- Transcriptomic data confirmed the role of energy metabolism in hypoxia adaptation.

## Abstract

Terrestrial organisms are likely to face hypoxic stress during natural disasters such as floods or landslides, which can lead to inevitable hypoxic conditions for those commonly residing within soil. Pardosa pseudoannulata often inhabits soil crevices and has been extensively studied, yet research on its response to hypoxic stress remains unclear. Therefore, we investigated the adaptive strategies of Pardosa pseudoannulata under hypoxic stress using metabolomics and transcriptomics approaches. The results indicated that under hypoxic stress, metabolites related to energy and antioxidants such as ATP, D-glucose 6-phosphate, flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD), and reduced L-glutathione were significantly differentially expressed. Pathways such as the citric acid (TCA) cycle and oxidative phosphorylation were significantly enriched. Transcriptome analysis and related assessments also revealed a significant enrichment of pathways associated with energy metabolism, suggesting that Pardosa pseudoannulata primarily copes with hypoxic environments by modulating energy metabolism and antioxidant-related substances.

The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s40850-024-00206-y.