No beneficial effect of aerobic whole-body electromyostimulation on lower limbs strength and power – a randomized controlled trial

TL;DR

A study found that adding whole-body electromyostimulation to running did not improve lower limb strength or power compared to running alone.

Contribution

This is the first randomized controlled trial to show no additional benefit of whole-body electromyostimulation during running for strength or power adaptations.

Findings

Maximal isokinetic knee extension torque decreased significantly over time in both groups.

No significant changes were observed in flexion torque or jump height with or without electromyostimulation.

Including whole-body electromyostimulation during running did not enhance neuromuscular function adaptations.

Abstract

Applying whole-body electromyostimulation (wbEMS) to voluntary activation of the muscle is known to impact motor unit recruitment. Thus, wbEMS as an additional training stimulus enhances force-related capacities. This study aimed to evaluate the mono- and multiarticular strength adaptations to a running intervention with wbEMS compared to running without wbEMS.

In a randomized controlled trial (RCT), 59 healthy participants (32 female/ 27 male, 41 ± 7 years) with minor running experience conducted an eight-week running intervention (2x/ week à 20 min) with a wbEMS suit (EG) or without wbEMS (control group, CG). Maximal isokinetic knee extensor and flexor strength and jump height during countermovement jumps were recorded prior and after the intervention to assess maximal strength and power.

Following eight weeks of running, maximal isokinetic knee extension torque decreased significantly over time for both interventions (EG \documentclass[12pt]{minimal}
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\begin{document}$${\upeta }$$\end{document}η = 0.12). No changes were observed for flexion torque (F(1, 43.20) = 3.93, p = 0.05, \documentclass[12pt]{minimal}
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\begin{document}$${\upeta }$$\end{document}η = 0.08) or jump height (F(1, 43.04) = 0.32, p = 0.57, \documentclass[12pt]{minimal}
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\begin{document}$${\upeta }$$\end{document}η = 0.01).

The outcomes indicate that there is no additional effect over neuromuscular function adaptations with the inclusion of wbEMS during running training. Knee extensor strength is even slightly reduced which supports the principle of training specificity in regards to strength adaptation. We conclude that strength improvements cannot be achieved by running with wbEMS.

German Clinical Trials Register, ID DRKS00026827, date 10/26/21.

The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13102-024-00931-4.

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