# Case report: A rare case of isolated sigmoid Rosai-Dorfman disease on contrast-enhanced CT and 18F-FDG PET/CT

## TL;DR

This case report describes a rare instance of Rosai-Dorfman disease affecting the sigmoid colon in a 54-year-old man, diagnosed using CT and PET-CT imaging.

## Contribution

The novelty lies in presenting a rare case of isolated sigmoid Rosai-Dorfman disease confirmed by imaging without lymph node involvement.

## Key findings

- RDD was diagnosed in the sigmoid colon using contrast-enhanced CT and 18F-FDG PET/CT.
- The case highlights the importance of imaging in diagnosing rare extranodal RDD presentations.
- The patient had no lymphadenopathy, which is uncommon in RDD cases.

## Abstract

Rosai-Dorfman disease (RDD) is an uncommon histiocytic disorder that occurs in nodal and/or extranodal sites. Extranodal RDD exhibits a wide range of clinical and radiological presentations, frequently leading to misdiagnoses. Involvement of the gastrointestinal (GI) system is uncommon, accounting for less than 1% of the reported cases. Here we present a case of a 54-year-old male who complained of abdominal distention and was diagnosed with RDD affecting the sigmoid colon, manifesting as a sigmoid mass. The patient had a past medical history of liver transplantation due to hepatocellular carcinoma (HC). This report details the multiphase contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) and fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) positron emission tomography (PET-CT) imaging findings of RDD involving the sigmoid colon without lymphadenopathy, and a review of the relevant literature is provided.