# Heterogeneous Communication Network Architecture for the Management of Electric Vehicle Charging Stations: Multi-Aggregator Management in Microgrids with High Photovoltaic Variability Based on Multiple Solar Radiation Sensors

## TL;DR

This paper introduces a new method for managing electric vehicle charging stations in areas with high solar variability to improve grid stability and efficiency.

## Contribution

A novel methodology for placing electric vehicle aggregators based on cloud movement and electrical variables is proposed.

## Key findings

- The proposed method reduced substation power demand by 21.25% in test scenarios.
- Voltage drops in loads were reduced from 6.9% to 4.29% using distributed aggregators.

## Abstract

Electric power systems with a high penetration of photovoltaic generation and a relevant fleet of electric vehicles face significant stability challenges, particularly in mountainous areas where the variability of photovoltaic resources is pronounced. This study presents a novel methodology to strategically place electric vehicle aggregators along a feeder. This approach considers electrical variables and the dynamics of cloud movements within the study area. This innovative methodology reduces the substation’s power load demand and significantly improves the end user’s voltage levels. The improvements in voltage regulation and reduced demand on the substation provide clear benefits, including increased system resilience, better integration of renewable energy sources, and enhanced overall efficiency of the electric grid. These advantages are particularly critical in regions with high levels of photovoltaic generation and are important in promoting sustainable electric vehicle charging infrastructure. When analyzing different load scenarios for the IEEE European Low Voltage Test Feeder system, the consideration of distributed aggregators based on cloud movements decreased the power required at the substation by 21.25%, and the voltage drop in loads was reduced from 6.9% to 4.29%. This research underscores the critical need to consider both the variability and geographical distribution of PV resources in the planning and operation of electrical systems with extensive PV generation.