# Prevalence of Musculoskeletal Pain in Amateur Golfers in the State of São Paulo: A Cross-sectional Study

**Authors:** Daniele Rodrigues Gonçalves, Milla Pompilio da Silva, Marcel Jun Sugawara Tamaoki, João Carlos Belloti

PMC · DOI: 10.1055/s-0044-1786349 · Revista Brasileira de Ortopedia · 2024-06-22

## TL;DR

This study found that over half of amateur golfers in São Paulo experience musculoskeletal pain, with younger players aged 30-39 being most affected.

## Contribution

The study provides new prevalence data on musculoskeletal pain among Brazilian amateur golfers, highlighting age-related trends.

## Key findings

- 55.15% of amateur golfers reported musculoskeletal pain.
- The highest pain prevalence (68.80%) was observed in the 30-39 age group.
- Upper limbs were the most commonly affected body segment.

## Abstract

Objective
 To verify the prevalence of musculoskeletal pain in amateur golfers in the State of São Paulo, Brazil.

Methods
 The present is a cross-sectional study performed from September 2019 to March 2020 in golf clubs affiliated to Federação Paulista de Golfe (São Paulo Golf Federation). Federation players were evaluated regarding data on golf practice and sport routine by a main investigator, though an assessment form with multiple-choice questions, to determine sample characteristics and recent pain intensity by the Visual Analogue Scale.

Results
 Approximately 359 amateur golfers were analyzed. The prevalence of pain was of 55.15% (95% confidence interval [95%CI]: 50.0% to 60.3%); the average pain intensity according to the VAS was moderate (mean ± standard deviation: 5.21 ± 2.04; odds ration [OR]: 47,98%). The golfer's age range was significantly associated with the presence of pain (
p
 < 0.05). The highest prevalence estimate of pain was of 68.80% in the age group between 30 and 39 years (OR: 7,33; 95%CI: 2,26 to 23,85;
p
 = 0,0009). The segments most affected by pain were the upper limbs (65.66%), followed by the spine (59.09%) and the lower limbs (32.83%).

Conclusion
 There is a high prevalence rate of pain in Brazilian amateur golfers, especially in younger players in the age group between 30 and 39 years.

Objetivo
 Verificar a prevalência de dores musculoesqueléticas em golfistas amadores do estado de São Paulo.

Métodos
 Este é um estudo transversal realizado de setembro de 2019 a março de 2020 em clubes de golfe afiliados à Federação Paulista de Golfe. Jogadores federados foram avaliados quanto a dados da prática de golfe e da rotina esportiva por um investigador principal, por meio de um formulário de avaliação com questões de múltipla escolha, para a determinação das características da amostra e da intensidade da dor recente pela Escala Visual Analógica (EVA).

Resultados
 Cerca de 359 golfistas amadores foram analisados. A prevalência de dor foi de 55,15% (intervalo de confiança de 95% [IC95%]: 50,0% a 60,3%); a intensidade média da dor segundo a EVA foi moderada (média ± desvio padrão: 5,21 ± 2,04; razão de probabilidades [
odds ratio
, OR, em inglês]: 47,98%). A faixa etária dos golfistas esteve significativamente associada à presença de dor (
p
 < 0,05). A maior estimativa de prevalência de dor foi de 68,80% na faixa etária de 30 a 39 anos (OR: 7,33; IC95%: 2,26 a 23,85;
p
 = 0,0009). Os segmentos mais acometidos por dor foram os membros superiores (65,66%), seguidos da coluna (59,09%) e dos membros inferiores (32,83%).

Conclusão
 Há uma alta taxa de prevalência de dor em golfistas amadores brasileiros, especialmente em jogadores mais jovens, na faixa etária de 30 a 39 anos.

## Full-text entities

- **Diseases:** Musculoskeletal Pain (MESH:D059352), pain (MESH:D010146)

## Full text

_Full body text omitted from this summary view._ Fetch the complete paper as Markdown: https://tomesphere.com/paper/PMC11193575/full.md

## Figures

1 figure with captions in the complete paper: https://tomesphere.com/paper/PMC11193575/full.md

## References

30 references — full list in the complete paper: https://tomesphere.com/paper/PMC11193575/full.md

---
Source: https://tomesphere.com/paper/PMC11193575