Radioimaging Presentation of a Primitive Neuroectodermal Tumor of the Lung in a 13-Year-Old Female: A Case Report

TL;DR

This case report describes a rare lung tumor in a 13-year-old girl, highlighting the importance of accurate diagnosis and treatment in pediatric PNET cases.

Contribution

The paper presents a rare case of PNET in the lung of a young patient, emphasizing diagnostic and treatment challenges.

Findings

PNET was diagnosed in the right lung of a 13-year-old female using CT and confirmed via histopathology.

The tumor was non-resectable due to its size, leading to neoadjuvant therapy as the treatment approach.

The case highlights the aggressive nature of PNET and the need for multidisciplinary management in pediatric patients.

Abstract

Primitive neuroectodermal tumors (PNETs) are unprecedented threatening neoplasms beginning from primitive neuroectodermal cells. PNETs are reported as the predominant incidence observed in children and young adults with a high mortality rate. These neuroectodermal tumors are quite aggressive with a life expectancy of eight months on average. PNETs belong to the family of small round cell tumors majorly affecting bones and soft tissues in different body parts such as the brain, lungs, spine, and pelvic region. Computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) play a major role in giving the size, extent, and resectability of the tumors. A confirmed diagnosis is then made by histopathology and immunohistochemistry markers. This report depicts a case of PNET found within the right lung of a 13-year-old female, enumerating the clinical introduction, demonstrative handle, treatment modalities, and results. The case underscores the significance of precise conclusions and multidisciplinary approaches in pediatric PNET cases. Once the provisional diagnosis of pleuropulmonary blastoma or PNET was given on CT, a conformational histopathological examination was carried out. Histopathological analysis confirmed the final diagnosis of PNET, and the patient underwent neoadjuvant therapy as the tumor was non-resectable due to its massive size.

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