# Evaluation of In-Vitro Studies of the Shalmali Extract on Human Endometrial Stromal Cells

## TL;DR

This study shows that Shalmali extract may help manage uterine bleeding by affecting key genes in human endometrial cells, similar to a standard drug.

## Contribution

The study demonstrates the potential of Shalmali extract as a natural alternative for managing uterine bleeding through gene modulation.

## Key findings

- Shalmali extract reduced ESR1 and CD56 gene expression in a dose-dependent manner.
- SDF-1 gene expression increased, suggesting a role in tissue repair and regeneration.
- Effects of Shalmali extract were comparable to those of tranexamic acid on gene expression.

## Abstract

The utilization of herbal formulations for the management of reproductive tract disorders has been a longstanding practice in traditional medicine. In this study, we investigated the efficacy of a herbal extract, Shalmali (Bombax ceiba), in addressing uterine bleeding, a common concern in gynecological health. Through gene expression analysis, this study examined the impact of Shalmali extract on key genes associated with uterine bleeding, namely ESR1, CD56, and SDF-1, in the human endometrial stromal cell line (T HESC). Our findings revealed a dose-dependent decrease in ESR1 and CD56 gene expression levels following treatment with Shalmali extract, suggesting its potential to modulate hormonal and cellular processes involved in uterine bleeding. Notably, an increase in SDF-1 gene expression was observed, indicating a possible role of Shalmali extract in promoting tissue repair and regeneration. Comparison with the standard drug tranexamic acid demonstrated similar effects on gene expression levels, further validating the therapeutic potential of Shalmali extract. Agarose gel electrophoresis images supported these findings, showing reduced gene expression in cells treated with Shalmali extract comparable to those treated with tranexamic acid. These results underscore the promising efficacy of Shalmali extract as a natural alternative for managing uterine bleeding, potentially offering a safe and effective treatment option for individuals seeking traditional remedies for gynecological concerns. Further research is warranted to elucidate the underlying mechanisms of action and assess the long-term safety and efficacy of Shalmali extract in clinical settings.