# A 4-port flexible MIMO antenna with isolation enhancement for wireless IoT applications

## TL;DR

This paper introduces a compact, flexible MIMO antenna with improved isolation for use in V2X wireless communication systems.

## Contribution

A 4-port flexible MIMO antenna with enhanced isolation using hollow structures and stub networks for V2X applications.

## Key findings

- The antenna achieves a bandwidth of 5.06 to 7.24 GHz with |S11| < −10 dB.
- The MIMO setup provides a peak gain of 4.63 dBi and stable omnidirectional radiation.
- The decoupling structures significantly reduce mutual coupling and improve diversity gain.

## Abstract

This paper presents a conformal, miniaturized, and geometrically simple monopole antenna designed for Vehicle–to–Everything (V2X) communications. The antenna consists of a flexible substrate, radiating patch, ground, and metallic stubs. Meandered lines are added to the U-shaped radiator to achieve the required bandwidth of the antenna. The antenna has |S11|< −10 dB magnitude from 5.06 to 7.24 GHz, attaining a peak low magnitude of–68 dB. The antenna is configured into a 4-port Multiple–Input–Multiple–Output (MIMO) setup to minimize the mutual coupling between its elements. The proposed flexible MIMO antenna offers bandwidth from 5.37 to 7.34 GHz and a peak moderate gain of 4.63 dBi with omnidirectional stable radiation patterns. To improve the mutual coupling, two hollow concentric circular structures, in combination with a pair of stub networks are integrated between the elements of the MIMO system. The transmission coefficient and surface current analysis confirm the effectiveness of the decoupling structure. The presented MIMO antenna is characterized by high isolation, a low envelope correlation coefficient (ECC), and high diversity gain, suitable for V2X MIMO communication scenarios.