# Advances in Clinical Application of Cerebrospinal Fluid Circulating Tumor DNA in Leptomeningeal Metastasis of Non-small Cell Lung Cancer

## TL;DR

This paper reviews how cerebrospinal fluid ctDNA can help diagnose and treat leptomeningeal metastasis in non-small cell lung cancer.

## Contribution

It highlights the clinical potential of CSF ctDNA for improving diagnosis and monitoring in NSCLC-LM.

## Key findings

- CSF ctDNA reflects the genetic features of leptomeningeal metastasis.
- CSF ctDNA analysis aids in diagnosis, treatment response, and resistance mechanism studies.
- Current techniques for detecting CSF ctDNA are reviewed for NSCLC-LM patients.

## Abstract

柔脑膜转移（leptomeningeal metastasis, LM）是恶性肿瘤的一种致死性并发症，其在非小细胞肺癌（non-small cell lung cancer, NSCLC）患者中的发生率为3%-5%。LM诊断难、预后差、治疗手段有限且无统一的疗效评价标准，是NSCLC诊疗的难点。循环肿瘤DNA（circulating tumor DNA, ctDNA）由肿瘤细胞脱落，携带与癌症相关的信息，在肿瘤精准治疗中有重要应用价值。脑脊液（cerebrospinal fluid, CSF）存在于大脑蛛网膜下腔、脊髓和中央管，与脑膜组织直接接触，是最能反映LM遗传特征的液体介质。近年来，解析CSF ctDNA多组学特征对深入探索中枢神经系统（central nervous system, CNS）转移瘤的辅助诊断、疗效判断、预后预测及耐药机制分析等具有重大意义。本文将对CSF ctDNA检测技术及其在NSCLC-LM患者中的临床应用进行简要综述。