# A cuproptosis-based prognostic model for predicting survival in low-grade glioma

## TL;DR

This study creates a model using cuproptosis-related genes to predict survival in low-grade glioma patients, offering new insights into treatment and prognosis.

## Contribution

A novel cuproptosis-based prognostic model for low-grade glioma with potential therapeutic implications.

## Key findings

- A five-gene model based on cuproptosis genes effectively stratifies glioma patient survival.
- The model shows strong predictive performance and links to clinical features and immune profiles.
- Cuproptosis-related genes are validated at the protein level in glioma and normal tissues.

## Abstract

Background: It is unknown what variables contribute to the formation and multiplication of low-grade gliomas (LGG). An emerging process of cell death is called cuproptosis. Our research aims to increase therapeutic options and gain a better understanding of the role that cuproptosis-related genes play in the physical characteristics of low-grade gliomas.

Methods: The TCGA database was utilized to find cuproptosis genes that may be used to develop LGG risk model. Cox analysis in three different formats: univariate, multivariate, and LASSO. The gene signature’s independent predictive ability was assessed using ROC curves and Cox regression analysis based on overall survival. Use of CGGA data and nomogram model for external validation Immunohistochemistry, gene mutation, and functional enrichment analysis are also employed to clarify risk models’ involvement. Next, we analyzed changes in the immunological microenvironment in the risk model and forecasted possible chemotherapeutic drugs to target each group. Finally, we validated the protein expression levels of cuproptosis-related genes using LGG and adjacent normal tissues in a small self-case-control study.

Results: This study developed a glioma predictive model based on five cuproptosis-associated genes. Compared to the high-risk group, the low-risk group’s OS was significantly longer. The ROC curves showed high genetic signature performance in both groups. The signature-based categorisation was also linked to clinical characteristics and molecular subgroups. The prognosis of individuals with grade 2 or 3 glioma is also influenced by our risk model. Immunological testing revealed that the high-risk group had more immune cells and immunological function. The risk model also predicted immunotherapy and chemotherapy medication results. Also, this study confirmed that the expression of cuproptosis-related genes by Western blot.

Conclusion: We developed a prediction model for LGG patients using genes associated with cuproptosis. With acceptable prediction performance, this risk model may effectively stratify the prognosis of glioma patients.